Today in History June 19

 

240 BC		Eratosthenes estimates the circumference of Earth using two sticks.
1778		General George Washington‘s troops finally leave Valley Forge after a winter of training.
1821		The Ottomans defeat the Greeks at the Battle of Dragasani.
1846		The New York Knickerbocker Club plays the New York Club in the first baseball game at Elysian Field, Hoboken, New Jersey.
1861		Virginians, in what will soon be West Virginia, elect Francis Pierpont as their provisional governor.
1862		President Abraham Lincoln outlines his Emancipation Proclamation. News of the document reaches the South.
1864		The USS Kearsarge sinks the CSS Alabama off of Cherbourg, France.
1867		Mexican Emperor Maximilian is executed.
1885		The Statue of Liberty arrives in New York City from France.
1903		The young school teacher, Benito Mussolini, is placed under investigation by police in Bern, Switzerland.
1919		Mustafa Kemal founds the Turkish National Congress at Ankara and denounces the Treaty of Versailles.
1933		France grants Leon Trotsky political asylum.
1934		The National Archives and Records Administration is established.
1937		The town of Bilbao, Spain, falls to the Nationalist forces.
1942		Prime Minister Winston Churchill arrives in Washington D.C. to discuss the invasion of North Africa with President Franklin Roosevelt.
1944		U.S. Navy carrier-based planes shatter the remaining Japanese carrier forces in the Battle of the Marianas.
1951		President Harry S. Truman signs the Universal Military Training and Service Act, which extends Selective Service until July 1, 1955 and lowers the draft age to 18.
1958		Nine entertainers refuse to answer a congressional committee’s questions on communism.
1961		Kuwait regains complete independence from Britain.
1963		Soviet cosmonaut, Valentina Tereshkova, becomes the first woman in space.
1965		Air Marshall Nguyen Cao Ky becomes South Vietnam’s youngest premier at age 34.
1968		Over 50,000 people march on Washington, D.C. to support the Poor People’s Campaign.
1973		The Case-Church Amendment prevents further U.S. involvement in Southeast Asia.
1987		The U.S. Supreme Court voids the Louisiana law requiring schools to teach creationism.
1995		The Richmond Virginia Planning Commission approves plans to place a memorial statue of tennis professional Arthur Ashe.
Born on June 19
1566		James I, King of England (1603-1625).
1623		Blaise Pascal, French mathematician, physicist, and religious philosopher.
1897		Moe Howard, comic actor, one of the Three Stooges.
1900		Laura Hobson, novelist (Gentleman’s Agreement).
1903		Henry Louis Gehrig, professional baseball player.
1919		Pauline Kael, American film critic, author.
1945		Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar human rights activist, Nobel Peace Prize recipient (1991).
1945		Tobias Wolff, American writer (This Boy’s Life: A Memoir, The Night in Question).
1947		Salman Rushdie, British author (Midnight’s Children, The Satanic Verses).